Wednesday, October 30, 2019

Tarim Documentary-Capital of Islamic Culture 2010 Essay

Tarim Documentary-Capital of Islamic Culture 2010 - Essay Example According to the movie, people come to Tarim from all over the world to learn about Islam (Tag archives). One thing I like about the movie is the light shed on women scholars especially those in Tarim. Most of these ladies are wives or mothers to male Islamic scholars. The ladies are depicted as knowledgeable and interesting people who outdo men. In the movie, women have been depicted as useful ingredients in the preservation of Islamic culture. Important things that I would like to apply to my own life to enhance my cultural knowledge is the creation of time to relax, connect with my creator and remind myself about my culture. Culture remembrance reminds one of her past and helps her to live the present in connection with the past. Nowadays people are busy in organizations working to an extent they forget to create time and connect with the spiritual world for spiritual nourishment and refresh the body for health

Monday, October 28, 2019

Developing a Hypothesis

Developing a Hypothesis Definitions of hypothesis: The hypothesis is outlined as following: â€Å"Hypotheses square measure single tentative guesses, smart hunches –assumed to be used in fashioning theory or coming up with experiments supposed to tend an immediate experimental take a look at once possible†. (Eric Rogers, 1966) â€Å"A hypothesis may be a suppositious statement of the relation between 2 or additional variables†. (Kerlinger, 1956) â€Å"Hypothesis may be a formal statement that presents the expected relationship between AN freelance and variable quantity.†(Creswell, 1994) Hypothesis is that the main a part of analysis. its vital because it suggests new ways in which of doing the analysis. typically experiments square measure solely conduct to check a hypothesis. Decision-makers typically face things whereby theyre curious about testing hypotheses on the premise of accessible info so take choices on the premise of such testing. In scientific discipline, wherever direct information of population parameter(s) is rare, hypothesis testing is that the typically used strategy for deciding whether or not a sample information provide such support for a hypothesis that generalisation is created. so hypothesis testing permits U.S.A. to form chance statements concerning population parameter(s). The hypothesis might not be tried completely, however in follow its accepted if its withstood a essential testing. Before we have a tendency to make a case for however hypotheses square measure tested through totally different tests meant for the aim, itll be acceptable to elucidate clearly the that means of a hypothesis and also the connected ideas for higher world organisation derstanding of the hypothesis testing techniques. WHAT IS A HYPOTHESIS? Ordinarily, once one talks concerning hypothesis, one merely suggests that a mere assumption or some supposition  to be tried or disproved. except for a research worker hypothesis may be a formal question that he intends to  resolve. so a hypothesis is also outlined as a proposition or a group of proposition set forth as AN  explanation for the prevalence of some such cluster of phenomena either declared simply as a  provisional conjecture to guide some investigation or accepted as extremely probable within the lightweight of  established facts. very often a research hypothesis may be a prophetical statement, capable of being tested  by scientific ways, that relates AN variable to some variable quantity. for instance,  consider statements just like the following ones: â€Å"Students WHO receive counseling can show a larger increase in creative thinking than students not  receiving counselling† Or  Ã¢â‚¬Å"the automobile A is performing arts furthermore as automobile B.† These square measure hypotheses capable of being objectively verified and tested. Thus, we have a tendency to could conclude that  a hypothesis states what we have a tendency to square measure searching for and its a proposition which may be place to a take a look at to  determine its validity. Characteristics of hypothesis: Hypothesis should possess the subsequent characteristics: (i) Hypothesis ought to be clear and precise. If the hypothesis isnt clear and precise, the  inferences drawn on its basis cant be taken as reliable. (ii) Hypothesis ought to be capable of being tested. during a swamp of untestable hypotheses, many  a time the analysis programmes have over-involved. Some previous study is also done by  researcher so as to form hypothesis a testable one. A hypothesis â€Å"is testable if alternative  deductions is made up of it that, in turn, is confirmed or disproved by observation.†1 (iii) Hypothesis ought to state relationship between variables, if it happens to be a relative  hypothesis. (iv) Hypothesis ought to be restricted in scope and should be specific. A research worker should keep in mind  that narrower hypotheses square measure typically additional testable and he ought to develop such hypotheses. (v) Hypothesis ought to be explicit as so much as doable in most straightforward terms in order that identical is  easily comprehensible by all involved. however one should keep in mind that simplicity of hypothesis  has nothing to try to to with its significance. (vi) Hypothesis ought to be in keeping with most illustrious facts i.e., it should be in keeping with a  substantial body of established facts. In alternative words, it ought to be one that judges settle for  as being the foremost possible. (vii) Hypothesis ought to be amenable to testing inside an affordable time. One shouldnt use  even a superb hypothesis, if identical cant be tested in affordable time for one  cannot pay a life-time aggregation information to check it. (viii) Hypothesis should make a case for the facts that gave rise to the necessity for rationalization. This means  that by exploitation the hypothesis and alternative illustrious and accepted generalizations, one ought to be  able to deduce the initial downside condition. so hypothesis should truly make a case for what  it claims to explain; it ought to have empirical reference. The null hypothesisrepresents a theory that has been hints, either as a result of its believed to be true or as a result of its to be used asa basis for argument, however has not been tried. Has serious outcome if incorrect call is made! The alternative hypothesisis an announcement of what a hypothesis take a look at is about up to ascertain. Opposite of Null Hypothesis. Only reached if H0is rejected. Frequently â€Å"alternative†is actual desired conclusion of the researcher! The method of hypothesis testing is summarized in four steps. we are going to describe every of those four steps in larger detail in Section eight.2. 1. To begin, we have a tendency to establish a hypothesis or claim that we have a tendency to feel ought to be tested. for instance, wed need to check the claim that the mean range of hours that kids within the us watch TV is three hours. 2. We have a tendency to choose a criterion upon that we have a tendency to decide that the claim being tested is true or not. for instance, the claim is that kids watch three hours of TV per week. Most samples we have a tendency to choose ought to have a mean near or up to  3 hours if the claim we have a tendency to square measure testing is true. therefore at what purpose can we decide that the discrepancy between the sample mean and three is therefore massive that the claim  we square measure testing is probably going not true? we have a tendency to answer this question during this step of hypothesis testing. 3. Choose a random sample from the population and live the sample mean. for instance, we have a tendency to might choose twenty kids and live the time unit (in hours) that they watch TV per week. 4. Compare what we have a tendency to observe within the sample to what we have a tendency to expect to watch if  the claim we have a tendency to square measure testing is true. we have a tendency to expect the sample mean to be around  3 hours. If the discrepancy between the sample mean and population mean is tiny, then {we will|well|we square measure going to} possible decide that the claim we have a tendency to are testing is so true. If the discrepancy is simply too giant, then we are going to possible conceive to reject the claim as being not true. The method of hypothesis testing is summarized in four steps. we are going to describe every of those four steps in larger detail in Section eight.2. 1. To begin, we have a tendency to establish a hypothesis or claim that we have a tendency to feel ought to be tested. for instance, wed need to check the claim that the mean range of hours that kids within the us watch TV is three hours. 2. we have a tendency to choose a criterion upon that we have a tendency to decide that the claim being tested is true or not. for instance, the claim is that kids watch three hours of TV per week. Most samples we have a tendency to choose ought to have a mean near or up to  3 hours if the claim we have a tendency to square measure testing is true. therefore at what purpose can we decide that the discrepancy between the sample mean and three is therefore massive that the claim  we square measure testing is probably going not true? we have a tendency to answer this question during this step of hypothesis testing. 3. choose a random sample from the population and live the sample mean. for instance, we have a tendency to might choose twenty kids and live the time unit (in hours) that they watch TV per week. 4. Compare what we have a tendency to observe within the sample to what we have a tendency to expect to watch if  the claim we have a tendency to square measure testing is true. we have a tendency to expect the sample mean to be around  3 hours. If the discrepancy between the sample mean and population mean is tiny, then {we will|well|we square measure going to} possible decide that the claim we have a tendency to are testing is so true. If the discrepancy is simply too giant, then we are going to possible conceive to reject the claim as being not true. Step 2: Set the standards for a choice. to line the standards for a choice, we have a tendency to state the extent of significance for a take a look at. this can be the same as the criterion that jurors use during a criminal trial. Jurors decide whether or not the proof bestowed shows guilt on the far side an affordable doubt (this is that the criterion). Likewise, in hypothesis testing, we have a tendency to collect information to point out that the null hypothesis isnt true, supported the probability of choosing a sample mean from a population (the likelihood is that the criterion). The probability or level of significance is often set at five-hitter in activity analysis studies. once the chance of getting a sample mean is a smaller amount than five-hitter if the null hypothesis were true, then we have a tendency to conclude that the sample we have a tendency to designated is simply too unlikely and then we have a tendency to reject the null hypothesis. Level of significance, or significance level, refers to a criterion of judgment upon that a choice is created relating to the worth explicit during a null hypothesis. The criterion relies on the chance of getting a data point measured during a sample if the worth explicit within the null hypothesis were true. In activity science, the criterion or level of significance is often set at five-hitter. once the chance of getting a sample mean is a smaller amount than five-hitter if the null hypothesis were true, then we have a tendency to reject the worth explicit within the null hypothesis. The alternative hypothesis establishes wherever to position the extent of significance. keep in mind that we all know that the sample mean can equal the population mean on the average if the null hypothesis is true. All alternative doable values of the sample mean square measure commonly distributed (central limit theorem). The empirical rule tells U.S.A. that a minimum of ninety fifth of all sample suggests that fall inside concerning two customary deviations (SD) of the population mean, that means that theres but a five-hitter chance of getting a  sample mean thats on the far side two South Dakota from the population mean. For the youngsters  watching TV example, we are able to seek for the chance of getting a sample mean  beyond two South Dakota within the higher tail (greater than 3), the lower tail (less than 3), or both  tails (not up to 3). Figure 8.2 shows that the choice hypothesis is employed to  determine that tail or tails to position the extent of significance for a hypothesis take a look at. Step 3: reckon the take a look at data point. Suppose we have a tendency to live a sample mean up to  4 hours per week that kids watch TV. to form a choice, wed like to judge  how possible this sample outcome is, if the population mean explicit by the null  hypothesis (3 hours per week) is true. we have a tendency to use a take a look at data point to work out this  likelihood. Specifically, a take a look at data point tells U.S.A. however so much, or what number customary  deviations, a sample mean is from the population mean. The larger the worth of the  test data point, the any the space, or range of normal deviations, a sample  mean is from the population mean explicit within the null hypothesis. the worth of the  test data point is employed to form a choice in Step four. The take a look at data point may be a mathematical formula that permits researchers to  determine the probability of getting sample outcomes if the null hypothesis  were true. the worth of the take a look at data point is employed to form a choice relating to  the null hypothesis. Step 4: build a choice. we have a tendency to use the worth of the take a look at data point to form a choice  about the null hypothesis. the choice relies on the chance of getting a  sample mean, only if the worth explicit within the null hypothesis is true. If the chance of getting a sample mean is a smaller amount than five-hitter once the null hypothesis is true, then the choice is to reject the null hypothesis. If the chance of getting a sample mean is bigger than five-hitter once the null hypothesis is true, then the choice is to retain the null hypothesis. In sum, there square measure 2 choices a research worker will make: 1. Reject the null hypothesis. The sample mean is related to an occasional chance of prevalence once the null hypothesis is true. 2. Retain the null hypothesis. The sample mean is related to a high chance of prevalence once the null hypothesis is true. The chance of getting a sample mean, only if the worth explicit within the null hypothesis is true, is explicit by the p worth. The p worth may be a probability: It varies between zero and one and may neer be negative. In Step 2, we have a tendency to explicit the criterion or chance of getting a sample mean at that purpose we are going to conceive to reject the worth explicit within the null hypothesis, that is often set at five-hitter in activity analysis. to form a choice, we have a tendency to compare the p worth to the criterion we have a tendency to set in Step two. A p worth is that the chance of getting a sample outcome, only if the worth explicit within the null hypothesis is true. The p worth for getting a sample outcome is compared to the extent of significance. Significance, or applied mathematics significance, describes a choice created regarding a worth explicit within the null hypothesis. once the null hypothesis is rejected, we have a tendency to reach significance. once the null hypothesis is preserved, we have a tendency to fail to achieve significance. When the p worth is a smaller amount than five-hitter (p < .05), we have a tendency to reject the null hypothesis. we are going to talk over with p < .05 because the criterion for deciding to reject the null hypothesis, though note that once p = .05, the choice is additionally to reject the null hypothesis. When the  p worth is bigger than five-hitter (p > .05), we have a tendency to retain the null hypothesis. the choice to reject or retain the null hypothesis is named significance.

Friday, October 25, 2019

Albert Einstein :: essays research papers

Albert Einstein Albert Einstein was born in Germany on March 14, 1879.As a kid he had trouble learning to speak. His parents thought that he might be mentally retarded. He was not smart in school. He suffered under the learning methods that they used in the schools of Germany at that time so he was never able to finish his studies. In 1894 his father's business had failed and the family moved to Milan, Italy. Einstein who had grown interested in science, went to Zurich, Switzerland, to enter a famous technical school. There his ability in mathematics and physics began to show. When Einstein was graduated in 1900 he was unable to get a teaching appointment at a university. Instead he got a clerical job in the patent office at Bern, Switzerland. It was not what he wanted but it would give him leisure for studying and thinking. While over there he wrote scientific papers. Einstein submitted one of his scientific papers to the University of Zurich to obtain a Ph.D. degree in 1905. In 1908 he sent a second paper to the University of Bern and became lecturer there. The next year Einstein received a regular appointment as associate professor of physics at the University of Zurich. By 1909, Einstein was recognized throughout Europe as a leading scientific thinker. In 1909 the fame that resulted from his theories got Einstein a job at the University of Prague, and in 1913 he was appointed director of a new research institution opened in Berlin, the Kaiser Wilhelm Physics Institute.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In 1915, during World War 1, Einstein published a paper that extended his theories. He put forth new views on the nature of gravitation. Newton's theories he said were not accurate enough. Einstein's theories seemed to explain the slow rotation of the entire orbit of the planet Mercury, which Newton's theories did not explain. Einstein's theories also predicted that light rays passing near the sun would be bent out of a straight line. When this was verified at the eclipse of 1919, Einstein was instantly accepted as the great scientific thinker since Newton.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  By now Germany had fallen in the hands of Adolf Hitler and his Nazis. Albert Einstein was Jewish. In 1933 when the Nazis came to power, Einstein happened to be in California. He did not return to Germany. He went to Belgium instead. The Nazis confiscated his possessions, publicly burned his writings, and expelled him from all German scientific societies.

Thursday, October 24, 2019

Life Course of a Mas Murderer Essay

On April 16, 2007 one of the most devastating mass murders in U.S history occurred at a Virginia college. Seung-Hui Cho a 23 year old South Korean alone executed the killing of 33 people by securing colleges doors to prevent escape of any students. Events such as these are truly tragic and devastating to all involved. By gathering background information about Seung-Hui Cho, we can effectively examine social development theories as they relate to Cho and review my analysis that this particular occurrence was preventable. Born in South Korea, Seung-Hui Cho immigrated to America when he was 8 years old. Although Cho was a quiet well behave child he was awkwardly withdrawn and angry (cite book). Throughout school Cho was teased and bullied which could have been the cause of his average grades throughout school. Cho’s sister Sun-kyung was often in the school newspaper and was selected to attend the most elite Ivy League Universities (Schmalleger, 2009). Cho went on to attend Virginia tech where he was recognize once again for being extremely violent and was even removed from class. Cho was referred to multiple counselors and officials where he denied all thoughts of suicide and homicide. Although Cho denied these having these thoughts students that attend Virginia Tech could see the imminent risk rising with Cho. There are many social development theories that can be applied to Seung-Hui Cho but I feel that the Life Course Perspective accurately represents Cho most effectively. With the social development perspective, human development occurs on many levels simotaneously, including psychological, biological, familial, interpersonal, cultural, social, and ecological (Schmalleger, 2009). Social development d heories focus on delinquencies over an extended period of time as well as transitions people go through within their life span. As the Life course perspective suggests Cho exhibited showed a distinct pattern of anti-social behavior throughout his childhood and had never committed any crimes. Cho had a hard childhood and was in the shadows of his very successful sister. Even in college Cho had no friends and began to look up to other school shooters as martyrs. Although these individuals were not his friends at all in his situation they were the closest thing to having friends. In college Cho was accused of stalking women on two different occasions, was caught taking photos of the legs of female students in class and was separated out of classes. I believe that Cho’s antisocial lifestyle along with the transition any from home eventually lead him to commit the mass murder. Cho’s anti-social lifestyle seemed to escalate to criminal behaviors from the time he went off to college until the time of the Virginia Tech shooting. I believe that this tragedy could have been prevented if the proper preventative measures and treatment techniques were taken. As a boy Cho should have been taken in for a mental evaluation but I believe the integration of his family into the American society prevented that. In high school Cho being bullied and teased could have been put to a stop by teachers and surrounding students. Also when Cho started writing gruesome poems short stories and plays he should have been recommended to a counselor. Any counselor that Cho had encounters with could have been a lot more persistent in getting to the bottom of Cho’s situations. A teacher college teacher doesn’t just separate a student from her class. Finally the two females who Cho supposedly stalked could have reported Cho and pressed charges, preventing him from escalating in criminal nature. Seung-Hui Cho may have lived a particularly difficult life but with appropriate preventative and treatment measures the Virginia Tech shooting could have been prevented. One way this could have been prevented is with the support of his family. Cho’s family should have played a larger role in providing guidance and discipline and instilling sound values in Cho. Also social institutions failed him. He was bullied in teased in schools and church which could have been the reason for him being anti-social throughout his lifespan (Seung-Hui, 2013). Finally individuals in Cho’s life should have intervened immediately and constructively when delinquent behavior first occurred. After closely reviewing Cho’s background information and examining social development theories as they relate to Cho my analysis is that the Virginia Tech shooting was preventable. References Schmalleger, F. (2009). Criminology today: An integrative introduction. (5th; ed., pp. 297-341). Columbus, OH: Pearson Prentice Hal. Retrieved from http://devry.vitalsource.com/ Seung-Hui Cho. (2013). The Biography Channel website. Retrieved 06:22, Jul 28, 2013, from http://www.biography.com/people/seung-hui-cho-235991.

Wednesday, October 23, 2019

Photography Analysis Year

This image by Sarah Ann Loretta can be described as a woman slowly drowning g in water . What makes this image stand out is the atmosphere that is being portrayed in it. It's a moody and dark atmosphere that creates the massive impact in the image. There are 3 factors that create the mood. The expression on the woman's face, the lighting and droplets of rain within the image. The photograph has a low depth of field as it is only focusing on the woman's face.It was taken in landscape format to show the length of the woman's body and this was a v ere good effect as it enhances the atmosphere within the image. This was done by creating a liar GE amount of space around the model and giving the photograph a moody and lonely ape arrange. Keeping the position of the model in the centre it creates the mood that nothing is are undo her which sustains the mood of the photograph. The colors of the photograph is mixed between whites,greens and blacks. Tit the background on the photograph being very dark and murky, Loretta enlarges the mood of the photograph by contrasting the model's clothe Eng to an innocent white, and with the model's serious expression with big, deep almost sorrows LU eyes has brought the image together. HTTPS://www. Licker. Com/photos/laurelling/8637194920/ This is a photograph by Laura Galena and it's called â€Å"facing it calmly†. The pH autograph shows a woman in a red dress walking through a dull forest.This image stands out du e to the contrasting colors between the bright red color of the woman's dress and the dull brow won colors. The photograph is taken in landscape format to accentuate the size of the backer mound which creates a mood towards the photograph. It has a high depth of field showing the ammo unit Of detail around the whole image. Candela used natural light to show the contrasting red dress .

Tuesday, October 22, 2019

7 Flawed Sentences Redeemed by Commas

7 Flawed Sentences Redeemed by Commas 7 Flawed Sentences Redeemed by Commas 7 Flawed Sentences Redeemed by Commas By Mark Nichol The simple insertion, deletion, or relocation of a comma (or two) can alter a sentences meaning, so when writing or editing a sentence, carefully analyze it to determine whether the punctuation (or lack thereof) serves its intended meaning or whether it creates grammatical confusion. The following examples illustrate the significant difference punctuation can make; discussion after each sentence explains the problem and provides a solution. 1. Relaxed capital and leverage requirements are favorable to depository institutions as they allow institutions to put more of their capital to work and may even provide consumers with more access to credit. Punctuation helps readers recognize the meaning of a word that, in identical syntactical arrangements, can have distinct meanings. In this sentence, as appears to function as a synonym for while in the sense of referencing a simultaneous occurrence. However, the clause that follows as is an explanation- here, as is a synonym for because- and is therefore a dependent clause, which means that it must be preceded by punctuation: â€Å"Relaxed capital and leverage requirements are favorable to depository institutions, as they allow institutions to put more of their capital to work and may even provide consumers with more access to credit.† 2. It is a never-ending campaign to stay in step with adversaries, and wherever possible, anticipate their next move. In this sentence, the intended function of the commas is to set off a parenthetical phrase, but the placement of the first comma erroneously suggests that its purpose is to separate two independent clauses. The parenthetical phrase is â€Å"wherever possible,† not â€Å"and wherever possible†- test this fact by temporarily omitting each alternative from the sentence and seeing which statement is still grammatically valid- so the first comma must follow, not precede, and: â€Å"It is a never-ending campaign to stay in step with adversaries and, wherever possible, anticipate their next move.† (Because the phrase that follows and is not an independent clause- there is no subject- no additional comma is required before the conjunction.) 3. I consider movies, such as Get Out, examples of artwork that provoke discussion about our society. The commas bracketing â€Å"such as Get Out† imply that that phrase is expendable- that the sentence is valid without it. But the writer is referring to a category of movies that the film Get Out exemplifies in some quality, so that phrase is essential to the sentence and therefore cannot be treated as a parenthetical phrase: â€Å"I consider movies such as Get Out examples of artwork that provokes discussion about our society.† (If movies were qualified with an adjective, as in the phrase â€Å"movie that allegorically pertain to racism,† then â€Å"such as Get Out† would be valid as a parenthetical phrase because it suggests an example of a specified category of film, rather than just one film in the all-encompassing category of â€Å"movies.†) 4. Getting the right information, to the right people, at the right time, is intrinsically valuable to any organization. The segmentation of the first three phrases in this sentence is unnecessary and obtrusive. The writer of this sentence assumes that punctuation is required to distinguish the three factors referenced sequentially in this sentence, but the prepositions to and at serve this function: â€Å"Getting the right information to the right people at the right time is intrinsically valuable to any organization.† 5. Directors can’t get the information they need to make critical decisions because the company’s ability to effectively measure and report on key risks is limited. If this sentence continued after limited, with an alternative explanation for why directors can’t get the information they need (following a semicolon), then the phrase â€Å"because . . . is limited† would be essential to the sentence. But in the sentence as written, â€Å"because . . . is limited† is a subordinate (and therefore nonessential) clause, and it should be set off from the main clause (â€Å"directors . . . critical decisions†): â€Å"Directors can’t get the information they need to make critical decisions, because the company’s ability to effectively measure and report on key risks is limited.† 6. It’s kind of scary actually. When an adverb appearing at the end of a sentence is intrinsic to the sentence, do not include intervening punctuation, as in â€Å"We visit them annually.† (Without annually, the sentence â€Å"We visit them† would not convey the intended information- the frequency with which they visit- so annually is essential to the statement.) But in this case, actually merely serves as an informal form of emphasis- it merely strengthens the admission but does not add meaning- so it is set off from the main clause: â€Å"It’s kind of scary, actually.† (Also, actually should be set off if it precedes the main clause- â€Å"Actually, it’s kind of scary†- but no punctuation is necessary if the adverb is inserted within the clause: â€Å"It’s actually kind of scary.†) 7. What’s different is they came of age at a difficult time. The subject of this sentence is they, and what comes before is a dependent introductory clause, which must be set off from the main clause by a comma: â€Å"What’s different is, they came of age at a difficult time.† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Grammar category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Possessive of Proper Names Ending in SThe Difference Between "will" and "shall"10 Terms for the Common People

Monday, October 21, 2019

Best Essays Night. Famous Authors Will Share Their Writing Secrets

Best Essays Night. Famous Authors Will Share Their Writing Secrets Best Essays Night. Famous Authors Will Share Their Writing Secrets As a generation of the 21st century we do not always appreciate the power of a written word or the impact it had during the last century. Under certain circumstances like world wars, frequent riots, establishment of patriotic devotion, etc, which couldn`t go by unnoticed, or better to say unwritten by the hand of a master, new based-on-true-stories essays were created: James Baldwin with his stunning work "Notes of a Native Son", Norman Mailer with his philosophical essay "The White Negro", Meghan Daum with "Variations on Grief", John McPhee and his detective essay "The Search for Marvin Gardens", Joan Didion on life in California after 1960s in her essay "The White Album". Yet, was there only a historical impact on their works or was it something deeply personal that made them best in their sphere? together with its greatest and most experienced writer Lauren Gartner invite you to join them on 25 and 28 of April 2017 for the Best Essay Night! Not only finest essays will be read there, but a unique chance to discover your writing abilities will be given as well! And nevertheless Jo Ann Beard and Meghan Daum presence is still awaited to be confirmed, the evening will be filled with famous authors and their life stories of becoming successful writers of nowadays. We're going to declare favorite essays that were written by the best writers   We're going to analyze what makes them gone viral, techniques, secrets We’ll be reading and discussing papers of little-known authors    You will be able to learn what is important and what is not, what special techniques artists use when they write their essays, and what â€Å"musts† one should always keep in mind. This event is going to be fantastic and vital for people who are passionate about writing. This and much more will be revealed during our Best Essay Night. Don`t miss your chance to become one of the best! As a pleasant addition  we will provide our guests with a food court and drinks during the whole evening. The events will be held in New York City, NY and Atlanta, GA. We invite all comers to join us in New York at the Andaz Wall Street Hotel, April 25 at 7 pm and in Atlanta at the Emory Conference Center Hotel, April 28 at 7pm. There is no charge for the workshop, but you need to be registered. You can sign up for our amazing event by e-mail @gmail.com. Administrators will review all the sign ups, and you should receive a response to your e-mail with a ticket and QR code for entrance. Make sure you like our Facebook page and follow on Twitter. Can't wait to meet you!

Sunday, October 20, 2019

The South China Sea A Historical Overview

The South China Sea A Historical Overview The sea is dotted with hundreds of small islands, atolls, and reefs, only a few of which are actually inhabitable and all of which lie outside the internationally-recognized 12 nautical miles territorial limit of the squabbling nations. Geopolitical disputes over the ownership of the South China Sea were a frequent topic of international news in 2012, and indications are that they will continue to be so for some time to come. Here is a brief primer on why this part of the world has become such a diplomatic hotspot. Where is the South China Sea? The South China Sea is a broad body of water lying between the coast of the Southeast Asian mainland and the island nations of the Philippines, Malaysia, and Indonesia. It is bordered on the north by Taiwan and the southern coast of China, on the west by Viet Nam, on the south by the Malay Peninsula and Borneo, and on the east by the Philippines. DOKDO ISLANDS ARE KOREAN PROPERTY As shown by this map, China claims virtually all of the South China Sea, which is the source of the sharp disputes it has had with other countries, primarily Viet Nam and the Philippines. The sea is dotted with hundreds of small islands, atolls, and reefs, only a few of which are actually inhabitable and all of which lie outside the internationally-recognized 12 nautical miles territorial limit of the squabbling nations. The claims of the Philippines, Viet Nam, Indonesia, Malaysia, and Brunei Darussalam to parts of the South China Sea are based on geographical proximity, historical claims, and the 200 nautical mile limit to â€Å"Exclusive Economic Zones† provided for in the 1982 UN Convention on the Laws of the Sea (UNCLOS), which is not recognized by China. Do Any of the Countries Have a Legitimate Claim? Because there is very little physical land that can be occupied in the South China Sea, none of the countries involved has established a clear, indisputable sovereign claim. In 1947, shortly after the Communists came to power in China, the Chinese government published maps purportedly dating back to the 16th century showing the sea as part of Chinese territory and claimed the area had been used by Chinese fishermen and traders for more than 2,000 years. Viet Nam in particular disputed this, producing documents of their own showing the Paracel and Spratly Island groups as part of their territory as early as the 17th century. The claims of the Philippines to the Spratlys and the Scarborough Shoal, which lies about 150 kilometers west of the Philippines, are based on those areas lying closer to the Philippines than any of the other countries. Malaysia, Indonesia, and Brunei base their claims on the provisions of the UNCLOS accord. Why is the South China Sea Such â€Å"Hot Property†? The most important reason is natural gas and lots of it. Although the continuing disputes have prevented much exploration in the South China Sea, indications from the few surveys that have been done indicate it may contain reserves of up to 25 trillion cubic meters of natural gas, which if true would make the area the third- or fourth-largest concentration of gas in the world. In addition, the South China Sea is believed to hold oil reserves of up to 28 billion barrels, according to estimates by the US Energy Information Administration. The South China Sea is also a strategically important shipping region linking Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia and the Indian Ocean with China, Japan, and the rest of the Pacific Ocean; about a third of the world’s sea traffic is said to cross the South China Sea. The sea is also a rich fishing ground and supports most of the commercial fishing done by the Philippines, Viet Nam, China, and Malaysia. Key Events in the South China Sea The most serious clashes have occurred between China and Viet Nam, who have had naval battles over the Paracels and the Spratlys. In 1974, China launched an amphibious assault on the Paracel Islands then occupied by Viet Nam, seizing the island group after a short, violent fight that killed about 70 Vietnamese soldiers. In 1988, a naval engagement between Viet Nam and China in the Spratlys ended with several Vietnamese gunboats being destroyed, with a loss of about 60 sailors. More recently, an attempt by Philippine Coast Guard forces to arrest Chinese poachers in the Scarborough Shoal in 2012 led to a tense naval standoff that saw both nations send dozens of vessels to the area, and created a diplomatic crisis that has since settled down but has not been resolved. China also angered both Viet Nam and the Philippines in 2012 by redesigning its passports with an illustration of a map showing the South China Sea as part of its territory; as a result, both countries briefly refused to issue visa stamps to Chinese travelers carrying the new, offensive passports. Other small provocations are frequent occurrences. An unconfirmed report of Chinese interference with Vietnamese oil exploration vessels in 2011 led to massive anti-China demonstrations in Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City; the Vietnamese for their part routinely conduct live-fire naval exercises in the South China Sea, drawing protests from the Chinese government. And in 2012, the Philippine government issued a directive renaming the South China Sea to the â€Å"West Philippine Sea,† further irritating China. Will the Disputes Be Ever Resolved? The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), which includes all the claimants to the South China Sea except China and Taiwan, has on several occasions attempted to develop a binding â€Å"code of conduct† for nations in the South China Sea, with little success. China for its part has consistently resisted moves to â€Å"internationalize† the dispute, preferring to negotiate on a bilateral basis with individual countries. Although some discussions have taken place, most recently between the Philippines and China over the Scarborough Shoal incident, none of the countries have been willing to relax their claims, suggesting the issue will be a source of tension for some time to come.

Saturday, October 19, 2019

Create a moral compass for characters of The Apprenticeship of Duddy Article

Create a moral compass for characters of The Apprenticeship of Duddy Kravitz - Article Example Max is an experienced man who is described as a real good teacher, and his pieces of advice are useful for Duddy. Simcha is, perhaps, the most positive character in the story, as his good intentions toward Duddy’s success characterize him as more related to goodness. Benjy and Ida are related more to evil, as their attitude to life was complicated by their childlessness. Mr. MacPherson is relevant to goodness as he tried to teach through pure knowledge and personal example rather than through corporal punishment. Hersh positions himself as a positive character struggling for peace and harmony. Jerry Dingleman is a negative character as he is tied up to the criminal and drug-smuggling activity along with other lawless activities. Mr. Cohen is driven by immoral virtues in life, as the main target for taking off. Mr. Calder is a man spoilt by his richness; he loses the idea of humane due to that fact. Being an owner of a hotel, Rubin is driven by positive intentions and virtues o f his soul. Irwin is definitely driven by negative virtues as he cheats Duddy and sees no other way to grow rich than to betray and let people down. Cuckoo has good traits of character and aims himself at working and living in peace and harmony. Linda is spoiled and she is really bad in her moral compass as she always tries to make a dirty trick to her friends.

How Does Nokia Continue to be Successful in The U.S. Market Essay

How Does Nokia Continue to be Successful in The U.S. Market - Essay Example The aim of this research presented in the essay is to analyze how Nokia continue to be successful in the United States Market. The onslaught of new cell phone brands from China and India is a strong factor prompting Nokia to be on its toes ready and eager to come up with more accessories and benefits for the Nokia cell phones. The public must now use a cell phone to get emails. One very popular cell phone is known as the Iphone which is being marketed by the this brand called Apple. Apple should be one of the hall of fame companies for coming up with the first computer. The old standard of sending messages is through the use of snail mail or the post office has declined because companies and individuals can communicate better and faster using the email and yahoo messenger or the new favorite of the crowed, Skyped chat. The researcher then presents some of the Nokia famous products and demonstrates the income statement of Nokia company, that shows that the company was very successful during the years 2005 to 2007. The researcher then concluds that Nokia continues to be successful in the United States market, mostly because the company continues to innovate by adding additional benefits of buying a cell phone. Conclusively, the researcher also mentiones that Nokia continues to be successful in the United States Market because of the strong advertising promotions that Nokia is willing to pay for. The returns of the advertising budget will include increased revenues, increased gross profit and increased net profits.

How Does Nokia Continue to be Successful in The U.S. Market Essay

How Does Nokia Continue to be Successful in The U.S. Market - Essay Example The aim of this research presented in the essay is to analyze how Nokia continue to be successful in the United States Market. The onslaught of new cell phone brands from China and India is a strong factor prompting Nokia to be on its toes ready and eager to come up with more accessories and benefits for the Nokia cell phones. The public must now use a cell phone to get emails. One very popular cell phone is known as the Iphone which is being marketed by the this brand called Apple. Apple should be one of the hall of fame companies for coming up with the first computer. The old standard of sending messages is through the use of snail mail or the post office has declined because companies and individuals can communicate better and faster using the email and yahoo messenger or the new favorite of the crowed, Skyped chat. The researcher then presents some of the Nokia famous products and demonstrates the income statement of Nokia company, that shows that the company was very successful during the years 2005 to 2007. The researcher then concluds that Nokia continues to be successful in the United States market, mostly because the company continues to innovate by adding additional benefits of buying a cell phone. Conclusively, the researcher also mentiones that Nokia continues to be successful in the United States Market because of the strong advertising promotions that Nokia is willing to pay for. The returns of the advertising budget will include increased revenues, increased gross profit and increased net profits.

Friday, October 18, 2019

Reading response Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 26

Reading response - Essay Example The meaning, that is used by Shames regarding the American culture, is that having more is and has been an essential idea of the country. From my reading of â€Å"The More Factor†, Shame has the opinion that it is already part of the culture of Americans to desire for more, however, I should say that most people desire for more in their lives and not only Americans. This is true because even me I desired and still desire for more in my life. Most of all, I felt greatly surprised by what Shames described as like Americans have lost focus in what is very important as he says â€Å"Americans have been somewhat backward in adopting values, hopes, ambitions that have to do with things other than moreâ€Å". It surprised me because all, what Americans have done, is to find ways to grow and expand. Shames puts it out clearly that lost focus because they became selfish and greedy since they only bothered to help themselves and not others. In any event in 1800,s the speculators built towns and would pay individuals to move into their town and provide for them a home to live in. The fact of the matter was to build the railroad for a real town to develop. I feel that the idea of "more" is not such a terrible thing. I mean it is useful for individuals to need to have a better life and succeed, to goals and aspirations. However, it is my opinion that everything ought to have a limit, or in any event, we ought to know when to stop and enjoy life. I believe that everybody needs to live a life that is full of commodities. I do so as well. I need to go to visit new places around the globe, have things I didnt have and provided my family a home, as well as a better life. Shames’s idea of the concept of more reminds me of my childhood friend. We used to share a lot, do almost all things together; however, the guy did not accept defeat. He was ever competing and always liked to be in the front line in everything. I used to pity him because no

Advertisement analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Advertisement analysis - Essay Example SO they need better brain even as they grow older. The cover page of the Bulletins is divided into different parts. There are two plates both full of vegetable, and of different colour. The first plate has orange vegetables while the second one has green vegetable. The rest of the ad is painted in a bright yellow colour. The ad is planned for women. They are the one who prepares food in the family, and if they do not prepare they decide what diet is included in a meal. Women care for their husband and would want to see them getting stronger even as they get old. The picture is arranged in an appealing posture. It has large images of vegetables and fruits more than the writing space. This makes the picture appealing to women, and it purposely designed for them because they like beautiful things. The ad has writing on the bottom left and top right side of the Bulletins cover. The Bulletins cover has some writing written in bold and with larger letter than others. For example, ‘SMARTER BRAIN FOOD’ is written in bold signifying that the vegetable and fruits are meant to nourish the brains (Benoist). The rest of the text talks of the benefit of oranges and green vegetable to men at their late years. Moreover, the test explains the nutrients that are comprised in these foods. It helps catch the mind of a buyer by quickly getting the pertinent information on the front page of the Bulletins. The ad also emphasis on the fundamental of colour and he paint the cover with yellow, green and red which resemble majority of fruits and vegetable that are there in farms and in the market. On the top right corner, the ad has inscriptions ‘keep your brain young with orange and green fruits and vegetables’ (Benoist) The author knows the valuable of being young and thus wants to appeals the bulletin to all people that need to look younger than

Thursday, October 17, 2019

An Evaluation of Enterprise Risk management value to banking sector of Assignment

An Evaluation of Enterprise Risk management value to banking sector of Zimbabwe - Assignment Example Population and Sample 20 7.3. Data collection instruments, sources and procedures 21 7.4. Data analysis and procedure 23 8. Time Frame and Budgetary Consideration 24 References 26 Bibliography 29 1. Introduction and Background to the Research The Zimbabwean economy has faced tremendous challenges in the banking sector after the liquidity crisis of 2003. The consequences of liquidity crisis declined the purchasing power of Zimbabwean currency at the level of 1953. As a consequence, the people who were extremely poor had to pay with their lives due to inability to cope with persistence economic shock. The Government of Zimbabwe has often been found to make the drought or the macro-economic factors responsible for the liquidity crisis. According to the Reserve Bank the main causes that triggered solvency and liquidity crisis were poor corporate governance, inadequate risk management, rapid expansion, overstatement of capital, creative accounting, speculative trades, high level of non-pe rforming assets, and unsustainable earnings. At the beginning of the year 2009, the multi currency system was adopted by the Government of Zimbabwe that preferred Pound, US$, and Rand as means of transaction by business entities and public. This was mainly because the local currencies had become almost useless since the year 2008. The gradual shift from local currencies to convertible currencies brought more stability in business with the financial statements and budgeting. But these changes have also been found to create severe implications in the field of accounting. The most important business implication is conversion of Zimbabwean Dollar in US$. These challenges of opening of economy for trading in convertible currencies would require adoption of global accounting standards such as need of consulting IFRS or IAS. Other issue including revenue recognition and measurement, financial instruments, and impairment of assets makes the business enterprises vulnerable to significant ris k. The concept of Enterprise Risk Management and its value addition will help the researcher to reveal as to why and how much important is evaluation Enterprise Risk Management value to banking sector of Zimbabwe in today’s competitive and globalised markets. The purpose of the study will be evaluation of Enterprise Risk Management value to banking sector of Zimbabwe which can be achieved by conducting online based questionnaire and interviews through video calls in case the face to face interview is not possible. The researcher may choose appropriate representatives of sample companies and hence conduct the interviews. The most desirable target interviewee is probably the senior management of the sample companies representing banking sector of Zimbabwe. This is because all strategic decisions are implemented at the top level of management. The three basic reasons for which the study topic can be considered as important are as follows: The concept of traditional risk manageme nt has evolved during the years and it is necessary for every academician and professional to be acquainted with the current changes that are applicable The multi-currency system of Zimbabwe and implications in the banking sector after adapting convertible currency for business transactions The impact of gradual shift from local currency to globally convertible currencies in the banking sector of Zimbabwe The study will help the researcher to address all the motivating factors listed above that created an interest for the research. It will further help the

Team resource management in aviation industry Essay - 1

Team resource management in aviation industry - Essay Example nce, to combat that crucial situation, the industry has ventured into various concepts such as Cockpit Resource Management (CRM), Crew Resource Management (CRM) and now Team Resource Management (TRM) to enhance the safety of the aircraft and the passengers. Therefore, this project study, Team Resource Management in the Aviation Industry is proposed to identify challenges and constraints in TRM after analysing its various elements. In the aviation industry, teamwork is one of the vital factors in sustaining and enhancing the safety and effectiveness in Air travel. After the success of CRM in aviation over the past decades, TRM has emerged as an improved version for managing the available resources for the operating personnel including pilots, Air Traffic Controllers (ATCs) and crew members. The study analyses the elements of the TRM concepts in aviation management. The study will also look at TRM training and its most important factors. The significance of TRM in flight management as well as its effectiveness on the flight crew members to provide safety and be less error prone will be identified. Common problems in flight management will be unveiled in the study as well as solutions to identified problems. Various air accidents and incidents will be quoted and discussed to make the focus very candid. Since TRM is considered one of the best strategies, all available resources are utilised to the optimum level c arefully and properly to accomplish the safety of the aircraft and the passengers Team Resource Management (TRM) is a  set of training procedures and techniques for use in environments where human error can have devastating effects. Used primarily for improving air safety, TRM focuses on interpersonal communication, leadership and decision making in the cockpit, in addition to other elements of human factors (SkyBrary). According to the Irish Aviation Authority, TRM is a philosophy, which helps to realise that human beings are error prone.It not only helps

Wednesday, October 16, 2019

An Evaluation of Enterprise Risk management value to banking sector of Assignment

An Evaluation of Enterprise Risk management value to banking sector of Zimbabwe - Assignment Example Population and Sample 20 7.3. Data collection instruments, sources and procedures 21 7.4. Data analysis and procedure 23 8. Time Frame and Budgetary Consideration 24 References 26 Bibliography 29 1. Introduction and Background to the Research The Zimbabwean economy has faced tremendous challenges in the banking sector after the liquidity crisis of 2003. The consequences of liquidity crisis declined the purchasing power of Zimbabwean currency at the level of 1953. As a consequence, the people who were extremely poor had to pay with their lives due to inability to cope with persistence economic shock. The Government of Zimbabwe has often been found to make the drought or the macro-economic factors responsible for the liquidity crisis. According to the Reserve Bank the main causes that triggered solvency and liquidity crisis were poor corporate governance, inadequate risk management, rapid expansion, overstatement of capital, creative accounting, speculative trades, high level of non-pe rforming assets, and unsustainable earnings. At the beginning of the year 2009, the multi currency system was adopted by the Government of Zimbabwe that preferred Pound, US$, and Rand as means of transaction by business entities and public. This was mainly because the local currencies had become almost useless since the year 2008. The gradual shift from local currencies to convertible currencies brought more stability in business with the financial statements and budgeting. But these changes have also been found to create severe implications in the field of accounting. The most important business implication is conversion of Zimbabwean Dollar in US$. These challenges of opening of economy for trading in convertible currencies would require adoption of global accounting standards such as need of consulting IFRS or IAS. Other issue including revenue recognition and measurement, financial instruments, and impairment of assets makes the business enterprises vulnerable to significant ris k. The concept of Enterprise Risk Management and its value addition will help the researcher to reveal as to why and how much important is evaluation Enterprise Risk Management value to banking sector of Zimbabwe in today’s competitive and globalised markets. The purpose of the study will be evaluation of Enterprise Risk Management value to banking sector of Zimbabwe which can be achieved by conducting online based questionnaire and interviews through video calls in case the face to face interview is not possible. The researcher may choose appropriate representatives of sample companies and hence conduct the interviews. The most desirable target interviewee is probably the senior management of the sample companies representing banking sector of Zimbabwe. This is because all strategic decisions are implemented at the top level of management. The three basic reasons for which the study topic can be considered as important are as follows: The concept of traditional risk manageme nt has evolved during the years and it is necessary for every academician and professional to be acquainted with the current changes that are applicable The multi-currency system of Zimbabwe and implications in the banking sector after adapting convertible currency for business transactions The impact of gradual shift from local currency to globally convertible currencies in the banking sector of Zimbabwe The study will help the researcher to address all the motivating factors listed above that created an interest for the research. It will further help the

Tuesday, October 15, 2019

Motivation letter Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Motivation letter - Assignment Example objectives are to, first become a first mate, and then in time, work hard to secure a promotion that will see me achieve my dream of becoming a captain. I believe that I possess determination and focus, which will ensure that I gain experience with the ambition of not achieving the highest rank in motor yachting, but also contributing towards the industry positively by ensuring that I ensure my crew members are safe and have confident in me. Despite personal endeavors in achieving my dream job of becoming a captain, I am also determined to uphold the moral ethics that defines a motor yacht crew given the extra care required in sailing passengers from one port to another. Pursuing motor yachting profession is not satisfying by its own, but through the integration of various aspects such as taking responsibility, conforming to the code of ethics, respect for others and giving other options to correct my unintentional wrong doings, which will help me build my career from a moral, emotional, and professionalism perspective. Motor yachting has substantial challenges that are associated with the conditions in which the sea vessels work. Remarkably, being at the middle of an ocean with no place to pull over in emergency cases is one of the psychological challenges that may face every motor yacht crew among many others including natural and experience challenges. However, there is no single profession that comes without risks; hence, I am determined not to be defined my fears and challenges, but what I can do to ensure that the challenges are part of everything a human being pursues. In reference to the saying the saying, â€Å"experience is the best teacher†, I am always ready to experience new things irrespective of whether they are challenges, obstacles or even hardships, which ensures that I thrive through my career successfully and learning from my past experience. It is my wish to spend my time in large water bodies aided by professional yachting crews

Monday, October 14, 2019

The Importance of Reading Books Essay Example for Free

The Importance of Reading Books Essay The joy of reading books cant be described in words. Its something that you can understand only by actual experience. There is much more to life than your work and spending time aimlessly with latest technology products. Reading books gives you that much needed break from the chaos in your life. It instills peace inside you, makes you relaxed and also exercises your brain in the process. When you read a book, it feels great to put yourself into a different world that the writer has created for you. Ask any avid reader about this and they too will agree that reading a book is same like watching a movie. When you spend hours and hours reading a book, creating a world with different characters in your mind, your imagination powers are sure to get a boost. Depending upon what you read, you will come out with the same experience as when you watch some really good movie. I have been a voracious reader ever since i learned how to read. Thats why i never get bored even being alone for a long time. I have found that reading books is the best medicine to kill boredom. What starts with reading story books, when you are a kid, turns into reading books for improving yourself as you grow older. From story books - technical management books - self improvement - spirituality and beyond, the journey is fantastic and you learn something with each passing day. You understand your thoughts and emotions more clearly. It makes you realize who you really are and makes your life more meaningful.Reading books will make you a better thinker and a better man. Thanks to technology you can easily find good articles to read on the internet. A great article can inspire and motivate you as much as a great book. Its not how much you read, but what you read which is more important. The only reason i recommend reading books over short articles is because when you spend hours with a thought or an idea then its more likely to stay with you for long time rather than when you spend just few minutes tinkering with it. Its easy to read a quote or an article for few minutes than discard it and continue with what you were doing. But when you invest your time in reading a good book, you end up spending at least a few hours reflecting on its contents as you read. Thus, its likely to stay with you for a longer time and have some positive influence on you. A good reader also varies his reading pace based on the content he is reading and what he wants to get from it. The purpose of reading news articles is different from reading stories, which is different from reading important documents. Over a period of time, you will understand how to vary your reading pace and comprehension based on what you read and what you want from it. Also, just reading good books is not enough. The way you read it is more important. When you come across a new idea or a different opinion, think upon it deeply. Dont accept it or reject it blindly. Try to reason with it and understand the writers point of view. Reflect upon the thoughts that come to your mind whenever you read a great book. You will know whether a book is great or not based on the thoughts it awakens inside you. As you continue this habit of reading and reflecting on what you read, you will start forming your own thoughts and values. It will challenge your mind and the thoughts, customs and traditions that you have grown up with. However, there is one thing which you should always remember when you make this a daily habit, as you are investing a part of your life doing it. Too much reading, without any thinking and action isnt of much use. When you know you are ready to do something its time to move to the next step. Act upon what you think is right and what you have decided to do. Its easy to get so much involved in the reading process, that you forget that the main purpose of reading is to make you a better person which can only happen when you act upon it. Just finishing one book after another without any real action from your side wont help you. What kind of person you want to be and what you would ultimately become depend greatly upon the type of content that you read and how much you act upon them. Reading articles that promote negativity, hatred and give wrong information is dangerous. Its better to not read anything at all than read such articles. Whether you read on some electronic device or prefer reading an actual book. Thats your personal choice. Personally, i prefer to read actual books whenever possible. I find that even after hours of reading my eyes feel fresh and full of energy. Thats something i dont find when i read too much on my computer. Before ending this article, i would like to summarize few important points and also suggest some Dos and Donts of reading: * Always read your content from a safe distance. Neither too close to your eyes neither too far away from your eyes. * Always prefer quality over quantity. Better to read one great book than hundred mediocre ones. * Understand properly what you have read and reflect upon it. * Dont accept anything blindly that you read but think for yourself and try to understand the reason behind whats been written. * Bookmark interesting pages for future reference. You never know when you will need them. * Sometimes it takes more than one reading to fully grasp some thing. Dont be disappointed if you dont understand a book in one reading. Maybe when you come back to it the next time, you will get it. * Focus completely on what you are reading. Dont think about other stuff while reading. * If possible, create a favorite spot in your house for reading books. You will feel more relaxed whenever you are there. * And above all, enjoy your reading experience. The habit of reading good content daily will act like an exercise for your mind and keep you mentally fit and flexible. If you have never given it a try then always remember that its never too late to start a good habit.

Sunday, October 13, 2019

Essay on Indifference in Franz Kafkas The Metamorphosis

Killing Indifference in The Metamorphosis    Even before the beginning of the story, each member of the Samsa family in Franz Kafka ¹s Metamorphosis serves a specific purpose. Gregor Samsa, the tragic protagonist of the story, performs his job with routine precision. It is this role as a provider that sustains his relationship to his family. But at the onset of the story, Gregor is inexplicably transformed into a  ³gigantic insect. ² (p.67) In addition to jeopardizing his role in both society and work, this transformation severely effects his relationship with his family. The consequent indifference, alienation, and finally hatred that he elicits from his family is the source of his demise. For without the emotional sustenance and the essential role within the family that Gregor had occupied previous to his metamorphosis, he is not able to sustain life.    Even after Gregor has become an insect, his initial reaction is not one of alarm. Surprisingly, his first response is to devise some sort of plan to secure his job and hence his role in the family. The only call to urgency that interrupts his  ³cool reflection ² is the arrival of the chief clerk (p.73). Accordingly, Gregor laments his fate of  ³being condemned to work for a firm where the smallest omission can give rise to the highest suspicion ² (p.74). It is as if he would most likely entirely overlook his more immediate and pressing condition of being an insect if it did not impede his ability to go to work. Gregor, in fact, finally risks bodily harm only due to the  ³agitation ² he feels over the thought of his parents becoming unsettled by their son ¹s tardiness and the pres... ... ² implores Grete to her father while she is persuading him to exterminate the bug(p.125).    But the damage is already done. The Samsa family ¹s exclusion of Gregor is what causes his demise. Even though the description of his death does involve physical characteristics, it is Gregor ¹s memory of his family that effects him the most. During his final moments, he describes the apple which is embedded in his back as  ²...hardly troubl[ing] him ²(p.127). He then proceeds to  ³[think] of his family with tenderness and love ² (p.127). This thought process represents Gregor ¹s need to be at peace with the family of which he was such an integral part prior to his metamorphosis. For without the love and affection and nurture that Gregor both provided and received, he is forced to succumb to his physical demise.

Saturday, October 12, 2019

The higher the temperature of the sodium thiosulphate the faster the :: GCSE Chemistry Coursework Investigation

The higher the temperature of the sodium thiosulphate the faster the reaction of the two liquids. Information. According to the kinetic theory all matter is made up of tiny, invisible particles that move all the time. When the temperature is increased around or on these particles, the faster they move. Heavier particles move more slowly than light ones at a given temperature. This theory defines the differences between solids liquids and gasses; in a gas the particles move freely and at random in all the space available, in solids particles only vibrate around fixed positions and in liquids the particles have some freedom and can move around each other. Using the kinetic theory we can explain changes in the state of substances as they are heated and cooled. We can also explain dissolving and diffusion using the kinetic theory. The kinetic theory says that gases diffuse to fill up the space around them. This explains how the smell of cooking can be smelt all over the house after a short period of time. It's not only gases that diffuse, diffusion occurs in liquids too. Diffusion involves the movement of particles from a region of higher concentration towards a region of lower concentration. The kinetic theory can be used to explain the factors affecting the rates of reaction, this is an extension to the kinetic theory called the collision theory. The collision theory says that Chemical reactions occur when particles of the reactants collide. They must collide with a certain minimum energy, called the activation energy. To summarise, the requirements for an effective collision (for a chemical reaction to occur): The reactants must collide with each other, The molecules must have sufficient energy to initiate the reaction (called activation energy). Planning This experiment is to discover what affects rate of reaction. In this experiment there are two solutions used, Sodium Thiosulphate and Hydrochloric Acid. (Sodium Thiosulphate + Hydrochloric Acid) (Na2S2O3 (aq) + 2HCl (aq) In this reaction, a fine precipitate of sulphur slowly forms, to measure the rate of reaction, we time how long it takes to form the precipitate. Five of the most common ways to influence the rate of reaction can be explained using collision theory. They are: changing the nature of the reactants, changing the concentration of one or more of the reactants, changing the temperature at which a reaction is performed, changing the surface area of a solid reactant, adding a catalyst. I have chosen to study how the rate of reaction changes when the temperature of the sodium thiosulphate is varied. Before we could conduct the experiment there was some preliminary work to be done. This was to find out what amount of each liquid would be

Friday, October 11, 2019

Leadership Challenge: Selecting Team Members

When we think leader, we think of the person in charge, the person who is making all the decisions within an organization. We believe that a leader should be charismatic, smart and able to influences others to do what they want and be successful at their role. Nahavandi (2006) defines a leader as a person who influences individuals and groups within an organization, helps them in establishing goals and guides them towards achievement of those goals, which allows them to be effective. In order to be a good leader you will need to be effective in your role. Effective leaders are proven when their supporters achieve their goals, can work together as a team and can adjust to the many changes within the company and the changing demands from exterior forces. Is there a difference between a manager and a leader? Most people would say that a good manager can be a good leader. The functions of a manager are similar to that of a leader; the functions of a manager are to bring order and regularity to the company by planning, budgeting, organizing, staffing directing and controlling. Throughout this report we will show the differences between leading and managing. Should the company move towards a team based, empowered organization and why. We will provide ways in which to deal with resistance to the new changes within the company. Leading vs. Managing Leading and managing is said to be different in the way they organize people. A manager’s role is to capitalize on the output of the company through managerial operation by organization, planning, staffing, directing and controlling. These functions allow the manager to focus on the resources in addition to people while leading focuses on influencing people. Both are needed in order for a company to be successful and effective. They are often considered to be the same thing, the main distinction between leading and managing is that we manage things and lead people. Pascale (1990) states that a managers do things right, while leaders do the right thing. You will need to lead the managers into the need of a team-based environment which will allow them to manage the lowest level employee to achieve their goals. The effectiveness of teamwork in a transfer to a team-based organization, consistency improvement practices by showing them learning by leading as an example, mentoring and guided delegation are important to improve the social effectiveness of the team as a whole. Team-based, empowered organization Moving to a team based environment in order to increase customer satisfaction can be considered to be a good thing for the company on a whole. Allowing the lower level employees the ability to make decisions that are within the best interest of the customer and that will benefit the company. They will get a sense of pride in their work because they are more involved in the development and decision making process of the company. There are many companies today who operate under a team-based environment, like 3M, General Electric and Deere & Co. They are known for their good management practice. While other companies were moving toward a more technology environment Deere realized to having a world class company was in the organizing its people. Deere brought their product and manufacturing engineering team together to create the yellow backhoe loader-digger. By doing so Deere the teams shift from tentative synchronized engineering to organized united engineering. Both teams were involved from the design phase to the production phase. In 1988 for the first time Deere had everyone from all the department involve in the production of their new machine, tool design, welding, product and manufacturing engineering, purchasing, the shop floor, and the accounting department. Moving your company to a team-based environment will benefit everyone involve from the lowest level employee to the managers and executive.

Thursday, October 10, 2019

Computer is a great technology in our life Essay

Most of the people rely on computer nowadays. It serves us tool to lessen work for providing a specific output. Most of office work has nominal human errors, redundant data and time consuming. Some of manual process is a time consuming and inconsistent data processing and provides redundant output. The computer program is the one that will provide particular answers to these issues. One of the office works is a library that processes borrowing and returning of books. Process has huge manipulation of information in libraries. The library is a manual process for student registration, borrowing and returning of books. The student will first secure library card. He/she will present his certificate of matriculation with 1x1pc picture. If new student, the librarian will process the library card and issue card. If old student, just validate the Library card. In case of lost, re-issue a Library card to the student. In borrowing books, the student/client will register at the statistics book. He/she will present a library card / borrowers card to the personnel. If the purpose of coming is reading, the librarian will recommend library resources. Inform them where they can find or locate the materials and monitor as well as help clients on problems encountered while inside the library room. If the clients finished reading the books, they may return the books or reading materials. If they will borrow books/materials the library assistant/aide shall: a) Finds appropriate library materials b) Check the completeness of the books c) Ask the borrower to fill up the library book card and borrower’s card. d) Check the proper entry in the library book card. e) Counter check the due date f) Clip the library card, identification card, borrower’s card, together with the book card. g) File the card on the tray h) Issue the book/reading material with the date of return together with the borrower’s card. The client will receive the borrowed books, borrower’s card and acknowledge the book with the return date. Learning is discovering and developing ones talents and skills, this is why it is important to learn from books that can deeper ones knowledge found in library. Network Based library system of School is helping to enhance and improve its services. The Library system will help the assigned personnel lessen the workload of the job. The inaccuracy and inefficiency of the manual system hassled to a slow service of the librarian. In order to improve the said method, the researchers decided to shift from a manual system of locating books to a computerized library system. As the manual system turned into a computer based system, it will be included for those from successful ones. PROJECT CONTEXT School (SCHOOL) of legazpi’s library at present time uses the manual Library System in accomplishing and performing its tasks of recording and tracking of books, computing the overdue account, book cataloguing and make inventory of books. The librarian and other library personnel undergoes / undertakes the lengthy process of recording and making an inventory of books by means of writing in the record book and copying all the titles and necessary information of the old and new books. In borrowing books, the librarian will obtain the borrower’s card. This borrower would fill up to be able to borrow the book needed. The same process of returning of books the borrowers shall return borrowed books on the following day as stated on library policies. The said transaction appeared at the statistics logbook, wherein books have been borrowed is recorded including the date borrowed and returned. If failure to return the book acquired, they are obliged to pay the overdue account. The SCHOOL of legazpi has encountered problems with their transactions especially when the library uses a manual system which is the main hitch of the library. They consume so much time and effort in recording / tracking, computation of fines, inventory and locating of books and do have a hard time in managing and protecting records where it may easily get lost. The inaccuracy and insufficiency of the manual system hassled to a slow service of the librarian. In order to improve the manual process on the library they need to convert the manual system to computerize. Purpose and Description To provide a computerized library system for the School (SCHOOL) library that will help and give solution in solving the following problems: (1) Computerization of SCHOOL Library System that will replace the current manual system in the library;(2) Quick searching in borrowing and returning of books for quick process in updating record; (3) Viewing of book information via Local Area Network (LAN) to make records accessible to students, faculty, staff and researchers; and (4) Computations of fines for overdue books. General objective To have / provide a Network-based Library System for School. Specific objectives * To develop a module for book registration and student registration that will print card and library reports. * To develop a module for borrowing and returning of books. * To develop module for viewing of available book/s via Local Area Network. * To develop a module that computes fines for overdue books. SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS The study will include the following: Book Registration, this module will allow registration of books. The information of each book (such as accession number, author, category etc. ) will be stored in a database. It will be easy for the librarian, library in charge and borrowers to know the availability of books, the status of each book is stated whether it is borrowed or available. Borrowers Registration, this module will allow registration of borrower directly at the library. Its function is to record the data such as borrower’s no. borrowers name, address, course, year level, email address. The borrower’s information will be utilized for printing of library card and in borrowing. Printing of library card, this module will allow the librarian to print library card. The system will generate borrower’s number. Borrowing and Returning of books, the proposed system will provide the record of available books which can borrow by the researchers. Its function is automatically records borrower’s information (borrower’s name and no. ) and book information (accession no. and title). Searching of book, the system will allow fast searching of book in different criteria such as title, author and subject. Its function is to fasten the time of searching of a particular book. Backup and Restore; this module will includes backup and restore of database in order to prevent data loss. Generation of Reports; the system will generate reports on the inventory of books, borrowed books, and reserved books, list of books, list of borrowers, and list of delinquent borrowers. Maintenance of Record; the system will maintain the following: user maintenance, book information (author, publisher, description, subject etc. ,) course management and offences. The system will not cover the following; Inventory of library materials and equipment such as chairs, tables, and cabinets; Reservation of books; Indexing of journals, periodicals, newspapers, magazines, and other library materials; Monitoring damage books and reporting of purchased books and its expenses and other collection of fines to be paid. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY The study would beneficial the following: LIBRARIAN – the computer based library transaction will help her/his workload and give the librarian the better way of storing the records of the library and improve its operations in borrowing and returning of books and speed up the printing of library cards. With the help of the system, the librarian will find the system as a tool to make his/her registration faster response to queries by library researchers such as availability of book and proper computation of fines to borrower. RESEARCHERS OF THE LIBRARY – with the computerization of library transactions, the researchers will then have a more convenient and efficient way of researching in the library. If a student wishes to borrow book in library, the student can now know the availability of the book in the library. Students will have the benefit of the good service of borrowing and returning of books, accurate computation of fines, better book reservation and borrowers registration. In addition, the student will gain more interest in studying and researching because they will be able to retrieve valuable information. SCHOOL LEGAZPI LIBRARY – the computerization of library at School Legazpi will serves as a proof that they can cope with the advancement of technology. It will also serve as a means of giving the students quality education and service through the help of technology. Many students will encourage pursuing their education because of the convenient way of accessing valuable information. PROPONENTS – the study will give the proponents the information and background about the library transactions. This study will help the proponents to have a better understanding about Transaction Processing System (TPS) such as library system transactions in a SCHOOL Legazpi. This study will provide the proponents the knowledge about the different tools and techniques necessary in developing computer systems. Moreover, this study will enable the proponents to acquire skills in system development, project management as well as design and analysis skills as the study progress and the system is developed. FUTURE RESEARCHERS – the proposed system will provide the future researcher information about the library system, and they can come up with effective ideas that will help them in their own studies. This study will give them the right and essential information they will need such as the different transactions involved in the library system. CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURES AND STUDIES This chapter presents the review of related literature and studies that provide a wide idea and in relation to the study. It cites the similarities of the current system from other previous studies. It also intends to provide framework that are related to present study which are the theoretical framework that are related to present study which are the theoretical and conceptual as well as the definition of terms. RELATED LITERATURES The march of electronic technology in the library gives incentive idea that click and drag was replaced brick, mortar, and papers. People have the option of going into computer to search for book and journals and check out materials, however, these options have not replaced human librarians or paperwork According to Michael M. Kajanjian, instructor of Triton College the computer and internet have great promise. This does not mean electronics was or should eliminate library buildings, books and journals. This computer based access is very important to locate the recorded information by using a computer instead of having to always visit the library. Brian Neilsen stated that the classroom adds the dimension to the library buildings. The people attend and interact with librarian and borrowers outside the library. These interactions allow us to update recorded knowledge, where the library resources give us access to record information. FOREIGN STUDIES The Vaxjo University Library of Sweden has a web based system called Diva. Diva stands for digitala vetenskapliga akrivet (Academic Archive online). It enables students and researchers to publish their research work to the University Library. Students and researchers can also search, research done by other researchers. Each year the student publishes their result in conference papers, journal articles, thesis reports, books, etc. These publications should be registered both at the Vaxjo University Library and RICS (Research in Computer Science) web site in a semantic way to avoid any kind of redundancy and errors. To develop a system which follows the principle â€Å"publish once and view everywhere† is the objective of this project. The National University Library system in Turin, Italy provides the National University system community with access to affordable, quality resources and relevant information literacy skills, expediting their integration into the community of lifelong learners. The Library will create an information literate community through a state-of-the art instructional program. The Library will be proactive and creative in reaching out, in order to anticipate and respond to community needs for resources, programs and services. Vision Digital Video Library System at the University of Kansas, USA. The digital libraries of the future will provide electronic access to information in many different forms. Recent technological advances make the storage and transmissions of digital video Library system prototype suitable for storage, indexing, and retrieving video and audio information and providing information across the internet. LOCAL STUDIES Bicol University Polangui Campus Library System was proposed by Arevalo, Rubiano, Rebusi and Romero of STI College Legazpi. The proponents aim to provide an Automated Library System of Bicol University Polangui Campus. The proposed system was to provide a faster tracking of activities in terms of library transactions such as borrowing, returning, and computation of fines and penalties for overdue accounts and generation of reports. Bar code reader was also used for faster transactions specifically in borrowing and returning book. The system proposed by group of Arevalo includes the printing of library card and card catalog, searching of book and borrower as well as generation of library reports. These features will be included in the proponents similar to their study. The system of Bicol University Polangui Campus includes reports for borrowers list, book list, borrowed books and other reports where proponents also integrate on the proposed system. [ANG2000] The University Library of UP Diliman encompasses one Main Library and thirty-five (35) College or Unit Libraries. It envisions global information exchange throughout the UP Library System. It is mandated to be the information resource center of excellence in the social sciences, humanities and basic sciences. It strives for full automation, a world-class collection and a staff of thoroughly modern information professionals. The University Library was officially established by the Board of Regents in 1922, fourteen years after the founding of the University of the Philippines in 1908. The University Library, which was at the same time designated as the Department of Library Science was placed on an equal level with other departments of instruction for the services of all colleges of the university. Between the years 1908 to 1922 University constituents made use of small libraries in the various units and colleges of the university and government libraries in Manila for their research and information needs. The UP Diliman Library Collections have been developed to aid of teaching, research and extension work in the disciplines designated to Diliman. Topping the list of choice collections in UP Diliman is the Filipiniana Collections, which come in print, non-print and digital forms. [ISRAR] Divine Word College of legazpi High School Library. The school decided to computerize the library system because of the problems encountered in the existing manual operation. According to the librarian, Mrs. Mariquit Pedrasa, the inventory, updating and maintenance of the material as well as the records are very tedious on her part. In the year 2004, the library started to implement the computerized library system. According to the librarian, the computerized library system answers the problems regarding time consuming process for lending and borrowing of books. It is easier now to update the status of the books and with the use of the automated card catalogue the user will be helped to find the information about the book. [BAL2006]. Aquinas University of legazpi, implemented the computerized library system, in 2006 by Mr. Atonio Morada. Because of the problems encountered in the existing manual process, the school library decided to computerize the library process. The system provides improvement of monitoring of books by using bar coding and card cataloguing and it also automatically generates reports needed by the librarian. When a book is borrowed, it will automatically show daily report on the transaction. If the book is not returned on a due date, it will display information about the unreturned books. One the book has been returned, the database will be updated. Available and reserved books will be shown in a daily report. The researchers can only reserve on book. For the accuracy in card cataloguing, the system has Online Public Access Catalog (OPAC). The researchers can view the information and the status of the book using the internet. [AQU2004] . Gap Bridge of the Study Computerization of the manual process of the service of the School had brought a great help to the personnel assigned. Technology today is very important to achieve it. Through Computerized system service, it had lessened the workload; had an easy access to information and need managed all the transaction. Going over the related literature and studies, the researchers found that other researchers had only focused on the computerization of the recording of books, inventory, sorting and generating reports especially in the Library System. The researchers decided to conduct the study in the SCHOOL library to make the system fully enhanced and developed. Today, the Local Area Network (LAN) represents a new playing  field where all the amount of knowledge that comes from traditional media is molded together. The library plays an important role for the people to gain more knowledge, that’s why it is good to have an easy access to information from the library. To enhance the services of the library, the researchers formulate a study for faster and for efficient access in library transaction, through the Network based Library System. The students can now search and reserve books through local area connection. This system had contributed big help improve the service of the SCHOOL library transactions. NOTES IsrarUlHaq, A web based system for Publishing Publications to both Vaxjo University and RICS†, University of Bovas/ Sweden School of library and Information Science. [ISRAR] KokMengPua, â€Å"Prototyping the Vision Digital Video Library System, â€Å" www. ittc. ku. edu/research/thesis/documents/kokmenpuathesis. pdf www. updiliman. com [BAL2006]Baldres, Jennifer B. , â€Å" Library Services of DWCL of Legazpi and their effectiveness†. (Unpublished Master’s Thesis, University of Nueva Caceres, Naga City 2006 [AQU2004]Baloloy, Merjerere b. Bermas, Maricel L. , Mary JessB. , DaytoEditha A. â€Å"Computer Based Library System of Aquinas University of Legazpi Professional Schools† (Unpublished Masters Thesis, Aquinas University of Legazpi, September 2004 Www. yahoo. com, † Central Library at IIT Madras:. www. ndcp. edu. ph/library/thesislist. php? Kazanjan, Michael M. â€Å"Ethics and Phenomenology†, â€Å"Internet Encyclopedia† Aileen V. Ang and Edelweiss E. Monsalve, AMA Computer learning Center(Albay) Library System (Unpublished Thesis of AMA Computer College Center of Legazppi, December 2001. CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY AND DESIGN This chapter shows the discussion of the research and methodology used in the system. The contents of this chapter are the research methods applied in the present study. The System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) was also utilized for the analysis of the determined problem including the diagrams for Data Flow Diagram (DFD), Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD) and Top-Down Structure which helped to illustrate the program designed for the system. It also discusses the sources of data, research instrument used, and Data gathering procedure. Research Method The present study had made used of the descriptive method for further analysis of the problem on the School legazpi’s Library. This method was used in completion of the study which the researchers had gathered information through observation, conduct interview on library personnel in order to gather and accurate data and reliable information to answer sub-problems presented in the study including relevant facts needed in the study. This method was chosen by the researchers for the analysis of the information that can be used for the implementation of the research study. Research Design In the system, the most important relation in the study was the interaction between the library personnel and the students / borrowers. the researchers had conducted a study for an efficient and fast service of the assigned personnel to students /borrowers. In this study, the researchers had used the System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) for the systematized approach in solving the problem to make a useful system. The researchers have refined the System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) into a logical strategy that can be applied to many kinds of problems. This has five phases, the Planning, Analysisand Design, Implementation and the Operation and Support phase. Planning In this phase, the researchers had recognized, diagnosed and defines the problem, by means of gathering information like interview, researches, and providing questionnaires. During this phase, assessments were conducted on the overall scope of the problem and how much money and time would be spent in solving it. The researchers planned and conducted the study to formulate solutions based from the discovered problems in the SCHOOL Library system. Analysis During this phase, normally involve developing a problem definition and taking an initial look at the feasibility of the project. It also involves studying and documenting the current system, interviewing librarian and other users about their needs and recommending solution to the problem. The proponents also analyze the requirements to consider in order interacting with its environment. Design In this phase, the proponents transformed the problem into solution. First, the proponents produced a system specification that tells the librarian what the system will do. After the librarian approves the conceptual design, the proponents plan to design an alternative way of using an object oriented design to enhance the existing system based on the information gathered. Implementation In this phase, the proponents transform the library problems into a solution on a computer based system. The system is installed and tested. Testing is very important to ensure its performing optimally. Bugs in the system are identified and corrected. Maintenance In this phase, the manual system must change into a newly enhanced system for past performance of task. If there are some additional requirements in the system, the researchers should add it in the system programs and develops the software. It is important to maintain the convenience as used by librarian and borrower of the new system. DATA GATHERING TOOLS: The researchers aim to gather all the data and information needed to the study. They used some ways to be able to formulate a solution to the problem of the existing system. One of the ways is looking for related books and references within school and other school for the related topic. Observing in the library and browsing the internet were also factor for gathering important data. however, the most efficient and effective way the proponents does was setting up and conducting an interview with the school librarian and other library personnel, for a reason it provides more detailed and reliable statement to answer the problem in the study. The following are the data gathering procedures that the researchers will implement: 1. Interview It is one of the methods utilized by the proponents for the gathering of data. Although process is time-consuming, it is very useful for the reason that it gathers specific information and raises follow-up question for the sake of clarity and verification of data to the librarian and the borrower. The first step in the process of conducting interview is to construct a letter of request for the client. After granted, the proponents begin to research and ask over several questions with regards the transaction and other related to the study. 2. Research This is the methodical process of collecting and evaluating information to increase proponent’s understanding of the phenomenon under study. These aid proponents as a guide for developing an effective and efficient system. The researcher’s follow a line of investigation from other sources to draw and gather related information. The books that have relation to the topic were compiled and used as reference. The proponents make use of another powerful tool called the internet to look for a data which contributes on the competence of the study. All these and through these materials helps a lot to make the system efficient and effective. 3. Observation This is the moment where the group takes time in observing, examining, monitoring and identifying the routine of the library transaction such as the way how the borrowers have an access to books in the library. What are the policies and penalties? And how books are being arrange in the shelves and how it was categorized. Through to this, it helps the proponents distinguish how they must design the system.